Riveted joint.



H. WHE. HIVETEDJOINT. APPLlc/mon FILED MAR. 2o, ma.

1,299,275. Patend Apr. 1,1919.

I place as, for instance,

' ionV en anni FUE! RALPH WHITE, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR'IO EDWARD G. BUDD MANUFACTURING COMPANY, 0F PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA,A CORPORATION 0F PENNSYLVANIA.

RIVETED JOINT.'

Specification of Letters Patent. i Patented Apu', jl, 19h90 .pApplication filed March 20, 191e. Serial No. 223,603.

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, RALPH WHITE, a citi zen of the United States,residing at 333 N.

52nd St., Philadelphia, in the county' of Philadelphia and State ofPennsylvania,`

The Ainvention relates tov riveted joints vor constructions, and has foran object to provide a simple, cheap tand effective method and structurefor securinga material 4to another material, such as a surface or bodyof metal in one operationand to effectively secure the material againstdisplacement.

More particularly this invention comprehends a means of establishing ajoint in a surface or body of metal or the like'to Secure to thesurfaceor body a sheet or sheets of material, in instances where it isimpossible to secure behind the body a suitable backing to receive theblow of the hammer or tool which drives the securing element into in thesecuring of leather or composition leather to the inner side of thedooriof an automobile. In an instance of this characterit is notordinarily possible to eilectively secure a sheet of leather to theinnerface ofthe automobile door after the door hasbeen nished and the metalconstruction thereof completed, for the reason that the door consists ofan outer metallic surface, and the innerl metallic surface or bodymentioned, andto which they Vsheet of material is to be secured, andtherefore it is impossible to arrange behind the `place of `arrangementof the rivet, a vsuitable backing to receive the blow of the hammerortool, for the reason thatthe outer and inner sides of the door" formpractically a` closed chamber which does not permit of the insertion ofan anvil o'r plate that-can bel held against the inner face of the innerside of the door to receive the blow on the secure.

ing element, and permit of the securing elen ment being driven into`place and deect the v prongs of the securing element so that thesecuring element will perform -its function, namely, that of securingthesheet rof covering leather or material in place. y

I am aware that Vvarious forms of fastening devices for rivets and othersecuringelements have been used heretofore to deflect the inner ends ofthe prongs .of the rivets or the securing elements, but these in-Adeflect the prongs;

n rivet when itis driven home.

l and by a of material stances it is either necessary to place an an vilor blow-receiving plate behind the material through which the ,rivetpasses, so as to hammer or deflect the prongs by means of a tool afterthe rivet has been driven into place, or associate with the metalthrough which the rivet passes, a separate plate or sheet of materialwhich will cause the deflection of the prongs of the All of theseconstructions are impractical in connection, for instance, with thesecuring of a leather' sheeting to the inner side of an automobile door,and unless an additional anvil or plate is arranged behind the innerwall, the leather sheeting cannot be riveted to the inner side `or faceof an automobile door in which the leather would be disfigured, marredand scratched by the subsequent use of tools and machinery to completethe metal work of the door. For this reason it is most desirable thatthe leather for the outer face of the 'metal work has been completed.Therefore,

inner side of the door be secured thereon afterrthe door has beencompleted, and this is also a. very necessary arrangement in instanceswhere old and worn leather is removed from the inner side of adoor to bereplaced by a new layer or sheeting of leather. In such a case it wouldbe necessary to tear the sides of the 'door apart in order to rivetthenew sheeting. thereto, in order that ay suitable backing could be obntained to receive the blow of the tool on the rivet, anddeiiect theprongs thereof.

1 With my invention I form av backing or deflecting plate integrallywith the inner side of the automobile door by striking a vportion oftheautomobile door outwardly or inwardlylfrom itself to for'mthe plate, andthus in the arrangement of the'securing element to a construction ofthis kind to secure a sheet of leather or other material to lthe face, Ido not have to employ any eXtra backing plates, washers or otherdevices, Y

simply hammering home the securing element I cause .it to pass throughthe sheet t the body or face of the door, andfinally bring about thedeflection of the prongs of the securing element after they have passedlthrough the necessary faces or sheets of material that are-to besecured together by the securing element,

In the further disclosure of the invention, reference is to, 'be had tothe accompanying drawings, constituting a part of this speciication, inwhich similar characters of 'ref-- erenceV denote corresponding partsinallvthe views, and 1n winch- Figure 1 is a fragmentary elevation of'lthe inner side of anautomobile door, show- Iing a sheet' of materialsecured thereto by my form of construction.

Fig. 2 is a view looking at one vend of the A structure shown in Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a horizontal sectional view taken on the line 3 3 in Fig. 1. I

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary view looking at Y the outer face of the innerside of. the door,

with the sheet of material removedf and the heald of the securingelement severed therefro n, ment of the prongs of theI securingelement,and

' Fig. 5'is a similar view of the inner side of the door looking at theouter face thereof, showing the form of construction prior to thereon.

Referring more particularly to the view, 10 indicates an automobile doorwhich is formed of an outer side 11 and an inner side 12, bothpreferably being of pressed metal, and thus practically forming aclosed` compartment 13, when the usual material such asleather,indicated. by the numeral 1 15, is secured to the inner side andwhich,

Further,

i heretofore, is secured to the edge 16 the closed compartment willpractically be provided, except' as shownl in this instance, may be inthe nature of a circumferential a leather Hap 17 may be provided to forma closure .for anopening 18 in the sheet of leather so. as to form' .thechamber 13 which may be adapted for the reception of various articles ortools. As shown in Fig. 2, the outer side 11 is bent around to form ,theedge 16 which I also term the inner side 12, and as. mentioned when thesheet of material 15 for the addition of a iiap 17 tocover an opening inthe sheet of leather so as to form an entrance to the compartment, itbeing understood of course that the edge 16 may be continued to form a''complete inner side 12, if desired, and that the sheet ofleather can besecured to the edge or the inner side, as the case may be.

Taking into consideration one of my units of construction, I subject theedge 16 to pressure to strike rearwardly therefrom and toward and intothe chamber 13, a plate 19 which I preferably term a backing and deffleeting plate, said plate having a central forwardly projecting hump 20and curved deflecting portions 21, thus alsoproviding to show in greaterdetail the arrangev the arrangement ofv the securing element I edge 16.,

that the metal Work-of the automobile door can be completed by attachingthe inner side to the outer side, or Where they are formed in one pieceby attaching any other metal work to the door that may be necessary,"before the sheeting of leather is placed on the innerside or edge, andit will be seen that the. inner side when formed with the openings andbacking and deflecting platefas mentioned, will appear as in Fig. 5.`The sheet of leather or other material A15 is now placed against theinner Vside of the door so that the"dge thereof will overlap or projectover and cover the ledge 16, forming a part of the innerside of thedoor, and when this has been accomplished a securing element 23 of anystandard form of constructiomand having the usual prongs 24 and head 25,is driven through the sheet of material 15 with'the points of theprongsengaging and deflecting'over the hump 20. As the securing element isdriven home the deflected prongs will engage the curved de fleetingplates l.21, and they will deflect the prongs outwardly and curve thesame through the openings 22 back toward the inner face of the edge 16,thus causing the head of the securing element to be brought tightlyagainst the face of the sheet of leather, thus eii'ectively securing thesheet `,of leather to the inner edge of the automobile door. It will beseen that with' this arrangement it is not necessary to secure an anvilor backing plate against the inner face of the edge .to deiiect theprongs door witha minimum amount of work and material, and withoutdamage to any part of the door or other structure to which it may bedesired to attach a sheeting of any kind, where it is impossible tosecure a suitable backing to relieve the blow of a hammer or tool.

Although I have described and shown a bile door, consisting of outer andinner side 10 plates, the inner plate being provided with end slits andan integral intermediate hump having curved cleflecting portions, and asplit and headed rivet having its prongs passing through a leatherlining and into the slits, the ends of the prongs being deib ected andclenched by the deecting portions of the hump by the act of driving thev4 rivet.

In testimony whereof I aliiX my signature.

RALPH WHITE.

